In Ukraine, all citizens are guaranteed an equal opportunity to get free education. Nearly 22,300 general-education schools operate in Ukraine. Approximately 7,000,000 pupils attend these schools. More than half of these pupils are educated in the Ukrainian language; the rest of the schools teach Ukrainian language as separate subject. There are schools where the language of instruction is Russian language. Ukraine has about 800 Universities.

In Old Rus the first venues of sciences were monasteries. Code of Law drawn up in the 10th-12th centuries laid the foundation of what would become Ukrainian, Russian, Belorussian and Lithuanian feudal law.

The 15th-17th cc. saw the peak of creative talent of physician Y. Drohobych and linguist M. Smotrytsky.

Slavic grammar of M. Smotrytsky (17th century) was the grammatical basis of many Slavic languages.

A major venue of sciences in the 18th century was the Kyiv-Mohyla Academy. Among its graduates were scientists Maksymovich and Shumlyansky.

Much contribution to the development of Ukrainian science was made by Ostrogradsy, Bodyansky (linguistics), Filatov.

In the XIX and early XX the centuries of scientific activity in Ukraine were Universities and Lyceums.

In October of 1918 the Ukrainian Academy of Sciences became a scientific centre. This Academy was founded by getman Skoropadskiy. The first Academy president was the academician Vernadsky. In the 20s of the XX century there were three departments in the Academy.